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Are you interested in pursuing a career in DevOps? Do you want to learn how to deliver high-quality software with speed and efficiency? If so, you're in the right place!
DevOps is a fast-paced and exciting field that combines technical skills with collaboration, communication, and problem-solving abilities. As a DevOps professional, you'll work to break down silos between teams, foster collaboration, and continuously improve processes to deliver software faster and more efficiently.
But where do you start? With so many technologies and methodologies to learn, the DevOps learning roadmap can seem overwhelming. Don't worry, we're here to help!
In this roadmap, we'll guide you through the essential skills and knowledge you need to master in order to succeed in DevOps. From programming languages and operating systems to cloud computing, containers and Kubernetes, CI/CD tools, and monitoring tools, we'll cover it all. Let’s start why DevOps and it’s benefits.
Benefits of DevOps technology:
1. Faster time to market: DevOps technology enables organizations to develop, test, and deploy software quickly and efficiently. By automating repetitive tasks, DevOps technology can reduce the time required to release software to production.
2. Increased collaboration: DevOps technology encourages collaboration between software developers and IT operations professionals, breaking down silos and improving communication between teams. This can lead to faster problem resolution and improved software quality.
3. Improved software quality: DevOps technology enables organizations to automate testing and quality assurance processes, reducing the risk of defects and improving software quality. By catching defects early in the development process, organizations can reduce the cost of fixing issues in production.
4. Continuous delivery and deployment: DevOps technology enables organizations to implement continuous delivery and deployment (CD/CD) processes, allowing them to release software updates more frequently and with greater confidence.
5. Increased agility: DevOps technology enables organizations to respond quickly to changing market conditions and customer needs. By automating processes and improving collaboration, organizations can be more agile and responsive.
6. Cost savings: DevOps technology can reduce the cost of software development and operations by automating processes, reducing manual intervention, and improving efficiency. This can result in lower development and operations costs over time.
Roadmap to DevOps Engineer:
1. Programming Language
Coding is an essential skill for DevOps engineers, as it enables them to create and maintain the automation scripts, infrastructure as code (IaC), and other tools required for managing the IT infrastructure. DevOps engineers need to have strong coding skills in order to develop custom scripts, plugins, and integrations that are tailored to their specific needs.
Here are some of the most popular programming languages for DevOps:
Python: Python is a popular choice for DevOps engineers because of its simplicity, ease of use, and a large number of libraries and frameworks that can be used for automation, infrastructure management, and testing.
Bash: Bash is a scripting language commonly used for automating system administration tasks on Linux and Unix-like systems. It's an essential skill for any DevOps engineer who works with Linux.
Ruby: Ruby is another popular language for DevOps, and it's often used with tools like Puppet and Chef for configuration management. Ruby is also used to build web applications, which is useful if you're working on DevOps for web applications.
Go: Go is a relatively new programming language, but it's quickly gaining popularity in the DevOps community. It's designed to be fast, efficient, and easy to read and write, which makes it a good choice for building infrastructure tools and automation.
Java: Java is a popular choice for building enterprise applications, and it's also commonly used for DevOps tasks like automation and testing. It's a versatile language that can be used for a wide range of tasks, and it's well-supported by many DevOps tools and frameworks.
2. OS conceptual knowledge:
DevOps engineers typically work with a variety of operating systems (OS), so they need to have a strong conceptual understanding of how different OS work.
Linux is a popular operating system used in many DevOps environments. DevOps engineers should be familiar with Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, CentOS, and Debian.
Windows is another popular operating system used in many DevOps environments, especially those that work with Microsoft technologies. DevOps engineers should know how to work with Windows Server, PowerShell scripting, and Windows-specific system administration tasks.
Here are some key OS concepts that are important for DevOps engineers:
Process management: Understanding how an operating system manages processes is essential for DevOps engineers. This includes concepts such as process scheduling, memory management, and inter-process communication.
File systems: DevOps engineers should have a good understanding of file systems, including how they are organized and how files are accessed and manipulated. They should be familiar with concepts such as file permissions, disk quotas, and file system types.
Command-line interface (CLI): DevOps engineers should be proficient in working with the command-line interface (CLI) of various operating systems. They should be able to navigate the file system, run commands, and troubleshoot issues using the CLI.
Virtualization: Understanding virtualization is essential for DevOps engineers who work with cloud infrastructure. They should be familiar with concepts such as virtual machines, containers, and hypervisors.
Security: DevOps engineers should have a good understanding of security concepts such as authentication, encryption, and access control. They should be able to identify security risks and implement appropriate security measures.
3. Servers Management Knowledge
DevOps engineers should have a deep understanding of software development processes, tools, and techniques. They should be familiar with agile methodologies, version control systems, and software testing frameworks.
Getting acquitted with the command line is quite an important part in server management. The command line interface allows you to perform system administration tasks quickly and efficiently. Tasks such as installing packages, managing services.
Command line interface is also an essential tool for automating system administration tasks. By using scripting languages such as Bash or Python, you can create scripts that perform routine tasks automatically, freeing up your time to focus on more critical tasks.
When things go wrong with a system, the command line interface can be an invaluable tool for troubleshooting. It allows you to view logs, check system status, and run diagnostic tools to pinpoint the source of a problem.
4. Basic Networking Concepts
As a DevOps engineer, having a basic understanding of networking concepts is essential to effectively manage and troubleshoot systems. Here are some of the network basics that a DevOps engineer should know:
IP Addressing: The concept of IP addressing is fundamental to networking. DevOps engineers should understand how IP addresses are assigned, how they work, and how to troubleshoot issues related to IP addressing.
Network Topologies: Understanding network topologies, such as LAN, WAN, and VPN, is important to manage and troubleshoot networks.
DNS: Domain Name System (DNS) is responsible for resolving domain names to IP addresses. DevOps engineers should understand how DNS works, how to troubleshoot DNS issues, and how to configure DNS settings.
TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is the foundation of the Internet. DevOps engineers should understand how TCP/IP works, how to troubleshoot TCP/IP-related issues, and how to configure TCP/IP settings.
Firewalls: Firewalls are an essential component of network security. DevOps engineers should understand how firewalls work, how to configure firewall rules, and how to troubleshoot firewall-related issues.
Load Balancing: Load balancing is important for managing traffic across multiple servers. DevOps engineers should understand how load balancing works, how to configure load balancing settings, and how to troubleshoot load balancing issues.
5. Configuration Management
Configuration management tools are an essential part of DevOps practices. These tools are used to automate the process of configuration management, which involves managing the configuration of software applications, servers, and other infrastructure components.
These configuration management tools provide several benefits to DevOps practices like consistency, allow to automate, scalability and collaboration.
Ansible is an open-source tool that allows for easy automation of configuration management, application deployment, and orchestration. It uses YAML syntax to define configuration files and can be used for both Linux and Windows environments.
Puppet is an open-source tool that allows for the automation of infrastructure management, application deployment, and configuration management. It uses a declarative language to define configuration files and can be used for both Linux and Windows environments.
Chef is an open-source tool that allows for the automation of infrastructure management, application deployment, and configuration management. It uses a declarative language to define configuration files and can be used for both Linux and Windows environments.
Difference between these three platforms:
6. Infrastructure provisioning and Basic Orchestration
Terraform is an open-source infrastructure as code (IaC) tool that allows you to define and manage your infrastructure in a declarative language.
It provides plugin which interact with public and private cloud providers. you can define your infrastructure in a declarative language and manage it like code. This allows you to version control your infrastructure, track changes, and apply changes in a safe and predictable manner. Terraform also provides a wide range of community-maintained providers, making it easy to manage infrastructure across multiple cloud providers.
vRealize Automation (vRA) is an automation and orchestration tool for deploying and managing multi-tier applications across private, public, and hybrid cloud environments. It is a part of the VMware vRealize suite of cloud management tools.
vRA provides a self-service portal for end-users to request and deploy applications, while providing IT administrators with the ability to enforce policies and manage resources across multiple cloud environments. It supports a wide range of virtualization and cloud platforms including VMware, AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud.
The key features are Multi-cloud Support, Self-Service Portal, Policy-based Automation, Blueprint-based Deployments and Customizable workflows.
AWS CloudFormation is a service that allows you to define and deploy infrastructure resources in a repeatable and automated way. It uses a JSON or YAML-based template format to describe the infrastructure resources and their dependencies.
CloudFormation allows you to define your infrastructure as code, which provides several benefits such as version control, automation, and repeatability. CloudFormation supports a wide range of AWS services, including EC2, S3, RDS, Lambda, and many more.
7. Containers and Kubernetes
Containers and Kubernetes are two essential components in the world of DevOps. Containers provide a lightweight and efficient way to package and deploy applications, while Kubernetes is a powerful orchestration tool that can manage and scale containerized applications.
To work with containers, a DevOps engineer should have a good understanding of containerization technologies such as Docker, as well as the ability to write Dockerfiles and manage container images. They should also have knowledge of container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes, as well as container registries such as Docker Hub.
Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration tool that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It provides a platform for running distributed systems and makes it easy to manage and scale containerized applications.
8. Cloud (AWS/Azure)
Cloud computing has revolutionized the way applications are built, deployed, and managed. In the context of DevOps, the cloud has played a critical role in enabling organizations to move faster, innovate more, and reduce costs.
Scalability: Cloud computing provides virtually unlimited scalability, allowing businesses to easily scale their resources up or down to meet changing demands. This eliminates the need for expensive hardware investments and enables businesses to only pay for the resources they actually use.
Cost Savings: Cloud computing can be much more cost-effective than traditional on-premises infrastructure, as it eliminates the need for upfront hardware investments and ongoing maintenance costs. Businesses can also take advantage of pay-as-you-go pricing models, which allows them to pay only for the resources they actually use.
Accessibility: With cloud computing, employees can access business applications and data from anywhere with an internet connection, making it easier to work remotely or collaborate with team members across different locations.
Security: Cloud providers invest heavily in security measures to protect their infrastructure and customer data. This includes firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, data encryption, and regular security audits.
Reliability: Cloud providers offer highly redundant infrastructure with multiple layers of backups and failover mechanisms, ensuring that applications and data are always available.
Agility: Cloud computing enables businesses to quickly spin up new resources or test new applications without having to wait for hardware to be provisioned. This can help businesses stay competitive by allowing them to respond to market changes quickly.
Flexibility: Cloud computing offers a variety of services and deployment models, enabling businesses to choose the best option for their needs. This includes public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud models, as well as a wide range of services such as infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS).
9. Infrastructure/Application Monitoring
DevOps monitoring tools are essential components in any DevOps workflow, providing real-time insights into the performance and health of a system. With the rise of microservices and containerized applications, the complexity of monitoring and managing a distributed system has increased significantly, making it more critical than ever to have the right monitoring tools in place. In this blog post, we'll discuss some of the most popular DevOps monitoring tools.
Prometheus
Grafana
Datadog
Nagios
10. Log Management
Log management is a critical component of DevOps, as it helps DevOps teams identify and troubleshoot issues in real-time. DevOps teams generate a massive amount of log data from applications, servers, and network devices. It can be overwhelming to sort through all of the log data manually. This is where log management tools come in. These tools are designed to collect, store, and analyze log data from a wide range of sources, making it easier for DevOps teams to identify issues and take proactive measures.
Here are some common log management tools used in DevOps - ELK Stack, Splunk, Graylog, Loggly
11. Leaning CI-CD tools
Continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) are essential practices in DevOps that enable teams to deliver software faster, with higher quality, and at a lower cost. CI/CD involves automating the software delivery process from code development to deployment. It encompasses a wide range of tools and processes, including source control management, build automation, testing, and deployment automation.
There are many CI/CD tools available that can be used to automate the software delivery process. These tools vary in functionality and complexity, and choosing the right tool for your organization depends on several factors, such as the size of your team, the complexity of your software, and your deployment infrastructure.
Here are some common CI/CD tools used in DevOps:
Jenkins: Jenkins is an open-source automation server that is widely used for CI/CD. It allows teams to automate the entire software delivery process, from building code to testing and deployment. Jenkins is highly configurable, extensible, and supports a wide range of plugins.
Travis CI: Travis CI is a cloud-based CI/CD platform that is popular among open-source projects. It supports a wide range of programming languages and can be integrated with GitHub, Bitbucket, and other source control management tools.
CircleCI: CircleCI is a cloud-based CI/CD platform that is designed for teams that require fast builds and deployments. It supports a wide range of programming languages and integrates with GitHub, Bitbucket, and other source control management tools.
GitLab CI/CD: GitLab CI/CD is a built-in CI/CD platform that is included in the GitLab source control management tool. It allows teams to automate the entire software delivery process, from building code to testing and deployment.
CI/CD tools help DevOps teams to:
Improve software quality: By automating the software delivery process and integrating testing, CI/CD tools help to improve software quality and reduce the risk of bugs and errors.
Accelerate software delivery: By automating the software delivery process, CI/CD tools help to accelerate software delivery and reduce the time-to-market.
Increase collaboration: CI/CD tools enable teams to work collaboratively by providing visibility into the software delivery process and facilitating communication between team members.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, learning DevOps is a continuous process that requires a solid foundation in various technical skills, as well as strong collaboration, communication, and problem-solving skills. The DevOps learning roadmap typically involves gaining knowledge in areas such as programming languages, operating systems, cloud computing, containers and Kubernetes, CI/CD tools, and monitoring tools.
However, it is important to remember that DevOps is not just about technical skills, but also about culture and processes. Adopting a DevOps mindset involves breaking down silos, fostering collaboration between teams, and continuously improving processes to deliver high-quality software with speed and efficiency.
To succeed in DevOps, it is important to embrace a growth mindset and continuously learn and adapt to new technologies and methodologies. Additionally, it is important to seek out opportunities for hands-on experience and collaboration with other professionals in the DevOps community.
By following a well-rounded DevOps learning roadmap, individuals can gain the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in this fast-paced and constantly evolving field and contribute to the success of their organizations by delivering high-quality software with speed and efficiency.
YouTube Videos tutorials(Source ) :
1. DevOps Pre-requisite
2. Networking
3. Linux
4. Shell scripting
5. Git & GitHub
6. Databases
7. Artifact Repository Manager
8. Docker
9. Jenkins
10. AWS
11. SSH
Putty :
12. Yaml
13. Kubernetes
14. Helm
15. Terraform
16. Python
17. Ansible
18. Prometheus
19. Grafana
Thanks
Siddartha Kumar Das
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